Various Manufacturers / USA

D2

High Carbon Tool Steel (Semi-Stainless)58–62 HRCConventional Ingot Steel Process

Composition

Core alloying elements define the baseline trade-off between wear resistance, corrosion behavior, and toughness.

Material Overview

D2 is a classic high-carbon, high-chromium tool steel originally developed for industrial dies and cutting tools. It offers excellent wear resistance and long edge life due to its large carbide structure and high carbon content. Although it contains significant chromium, it is generally considered semi-stainless because it can still rust if neglected. D2 remains popular for production and custom knives thanks to its strong cutting performance and affordability compared to premium PM steels.

Performance Radar

Use four core metrics to understand the usable operating envelope of this steel at a glance.

Edge Retention
Toughness
Corrosion Resistance
Sharpenability
Edge Retention
9.0
Toughness
6.0
Corrosion Resistance
6.0
Sharpenability
7.0

Advantages

  • Excellent edge retention
  • High wear resistance
  • Good hardness potential
  • Widely available and affordable
  • Suitable for hard-use cutting tasks

Disadvantages

  • Moderate corrosion resistance
  • Toughness lower than modern PM steels
  • Larger carbides can make sharpening less smooth
  • Can chip under heavy impact use

At A Glance

D2 is a high-wear-resistant tool steel known for strong edge retention and durability, widely used in hard-use knives and tools, though it requires some maintenance against corrosion.

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