M390 and CPM-20CV are chemically identical "super steels" produced by different manufacturers (Böhler and Crucible, respectively). Because they share the same alloy composition, any performance differences are typically due to the specific heat treatment and grinding by the knife manufacturer rather than the steel itself.
Edge Holding Comparison
Performance: Both steels are world-class in edge retention. They contain high amounts of Chromium and Vanadium, creating hard carbides that resist abrasive wear.
Result: They are essentially equal. In standardized CATRA testing, both steels consistently rank in the top tier for stainless steels. They will stay "working sharp" through extensive cutting of cardboard, rope, and zip ties.
Toughness Comparison
Performance: Both are produced using powder metallurgy, which ensures a fine, uniform grain structure. This provides good toughness for high-alloy stainless steels.
Result: They are equal. However, because both are hardened to high levels (typically 60–62 HRC), they are more prone to micro-chipping than "tougher" steels like CPM-3V or Cru-Wear. They are designed for high-performance slicing rather than prying or high-impact hacking.
Quick Comparison Table
Feature | Böhler M390 | CPM-20CV |
|---|---|---|
Manufacturer | Böhler-Uddeholm (Austria) | Crucible Industries (USA) |
Edge Holding | Exceptional | Exceptional |
Toughness | Moderate / High | Moderate / High |
Corrosion Resistance | Exceptional | Exceptional |
Sharpening Ease | Difficult (Requires Diamonds) | Difficult (Requires Diamonds) |
Summary: You can treat these steels as interchangeable. If you see a knife in M390 and the same model in 20CV, choose based on price, availability, or your preference for the manufacturer (European vs. American).